Author use
Authors must disclose material use of generative AI or automated tools in writing, analysis, coding, image generation, translation, or data processing. The tool, version where relevant, purpose, and human verification should be described. Authors remain fully responsible for accuracy, originality, citations, confidentiality, and rights.
Prohibited use
AI must not fabricate data, citations, images, reviews, identities, consent, or ethical approval. Confidential manuscripts, reviews, or personal data must not be uploaded to external systems that do not provide adequate confidentiality and data protection.
Editors and reviewers
Editors and reviewers must not use external AI services in ways that compromise manuscript confidentiality. Any permitted assistance must not replace independent expert judgment.
